Composição de grupo de diálogo sobre o tema gênero e sexualidade nas escolas / Composition of a dialogue group on the theme of gender and sexuality in schools / Composición de un grupo de diálogo sobre el tema de género y sexualidad en las escuelas

Considerando-se os desafios da composição de grupos de diálogos em temas socialmente polêmicos, este estudo teve como objetivo apresentar as estratégias utilizadas para compor um grupo de diálogo a partir da metodologia do Projeto de Conversações Públicas entre pessoas com distintas opiniões sobre a abordagem do tema da diversidade sexual e de gênero nas escolas brasileiras. As transcrições das audiogravações das conversas preparatórias e dos encontros grupais e as anotações de diário de campo compuseram o corpus de análise deste estudo. A análise temática de conteúdo serviu para o destaque das seguintes estratégias consideradas úteis para a composição grupal: 1) Reconhecendo as pessoas envolvidas no conflito; 2) Entrando em contato com pessoas-chave; 3) Recrutando participantes reservas; 4) Pensando formas alternativas de presença no grupo; 5) Reconhecendo quem precisaria estar na conversa; 6) Flexibilidade com relação a entrada de novas/os participantes; 7) Lidando com os estereótipos com relação as/aos facilitadoras/es; 8) Co-construindo estratégias para maior adesão grupal. Esses eixos analíticos foram discutidos a partir da literatura da área.

Considering the challenges of composing dialogue groups in polemic issues, this study aimed to present the strategies used to compose a dialogue group based on the methodology of the Public Conversations Project among people with different opinions on the approach to the topic of sexual and of gender in Brazilian schools. Transcripts of audio recordings of preparatory conversations and group meetings and field diary notes composed the corpus of analysis of this study. The thematic content analysis served to highlight the following strategies considered useful for group composition: 1) Recognizing the people involved in the conflict; 2) Contacting key people; 3) Recruiting reserve participants; 4) Thinking about alternative forms of presence in the group; 5) Recognizing who would need to be in the conversation; 6) Flexibility regarding the entry of new participants; 7) Dealing with stereotypes regarding facilitators; 8) Co-building strategies for greater group membership. The selected material was discussed based on the literature in the area.

Considerando los desafíos de la composición de grupos de diálogo, este estudio tuvo como objetivo presentar las estrategias utilizadas para la composición de un grupo de diálogo basado en la metodología del Proyecto Conversaciones Públicas entre personas con opiniones diferentes sobre el abordaje del tema sexual y de género en las escuelas brasileñas. Transcripciones de grabaciones de audio de conversaciones preparatorias y reuniones grupales y notas del diario de campo componen el corpus de análisis de este estudio. El análisis de contenido temático sirvió para resaltar las siguientes estrategias consideradas útiles para la composición del grupo: 1) Reconocimiento de las personas involucradas en el conflicto; 2) Ponerse en contacto con personas clave; 3) Reclutamiento de participantes de reserva; 4) Pensar en formas alternativas de presencia en el grupo; 5) Reconocer quién debería estar en la conversación; 6) Flexibilidad en la entrada de nuevos participantes; 7) Abordar los estereotipos sobre los facilitadores; 8) Estrategias de co-construcción para una mayor membresía del grupo. El material seleccionado se discutió con base en la literatura en el área.

¿Cuántos años tienes?, ¿estás casado?, ¿tienes hijos? preguntas irrelevantes y discriminación encubierta en la selección de personal / How old are you? are you married? do you have children? irrelevant questions and covert discrimination in personnel selection / Quantos anos você tem? você é casado? você tem filhos? perguntas irrelevantes e discriminação oculta na seleção de pessoal

La selección de personal ha demostrado ser un procedimiento de incalculable valor para las organizaciones. Sin embargo, en la práctica los empleadores suelen (y prefieren) utilizar los métodos de selección de escaza y cuestionable evidencia. En el contexto boliviano, el uso de preguntas personales relacionadas a la edad, estado civil, sexo, raza, embarazo, entre otros, parece estar bastante extendido. Aunque, la utilidad que justifique su inclusión sigue sin demostrarse. En el presente artículo, analizo la relevancia y el soporte de las preguntas personales en función de su contribución para tres propósitos de la selección de personal: validez para predecir el desempeño laboral, reclutamiento y discriminación. Finalmente, proporciono algunas sugerencias: (1) para mejorar la eficiencia de los procesos de selección, y (2) para enmendar y fortalecer las leyes contra la discriminación en la selección de la legislación laboral boliviana.

The selection of personnel has proven to be an invaluable procedure for organizations. However, in practice employers often (and prefer) to use the selection methods of scarce and questionable evidence. In the Bolivian context, the use of personal questions related to age, marital status, sex, race, pregnancy, among others, seems to be quite widespread. Although the usefulness that justifies its inclusion remains unproven. In this article, I analyze the relevance and support of personal questions based on their contribution to three purposes of personnel selection: validity to predict job performance, recruitment, and discrimination. Finally, I provide some suggestions: (1) to improve the efficiency of the selection processes, and (2) to amend and strengthen the laws against discrimination in the selection of Bolivian labor law.

A seleção de pessoal provou ser um procedimento inestimável para as organizações. No entanto, na prática, os empregadores costumam (e preferem) usar métodos de seleção de evidências escassas e questionáveis. No contexto boliviano, o uso de perguntas pessoais relacionadas à idade, estado civil, sexo, raça, gravidez, entre outros, parece ser bastante difundido. Embora a utilidade que justifique a sua inclusão permaneça não comprovada. Neste artigo, analiso a relevância e o suporte de perguntas pessoais com base em sua contribuição para três propósitos de seleção de pessoal: validade para prever o desempenho no trabalho, recrutamento e discriminação. Finalmente, apresento algumas sugestões: (1) melhorar a eficiência dos processos de seleção e (2) alterar e fortalecer as leis contra a discriminação na seleção da legislação trabalhista boliviana.

What does the video head impulse test tell us about post-caloric vestibular recruitment?

Abstract Objective: The vestibular recruitment observed in caloric testing is a new tool in the study of the vestibulo-ocular reflex. This study aimed to determine the sensitivity and specificity of the video head impulse test to detect post-caloric vestibular recruitment. Method: In this cross-sectional study, all participants underwent the standard otoneurological assessment of the service, caloric test, and video head impulse test. A non-linear mixed model was used to test for associations. Results: The study group consisted of 250 (89 male and 161 female) patients, with a mean age of 54.84 years. The control group comprised 35 participants, 18 men and 17 women, with a mean age of 40.42 years. Sex and age had no effect on group responses. There was no difference between the study and control groups regarding the interaction between recruitment and gain (p = 0.7487); recruitment and overt (p = 0.7002) and covert saccades (p = 1.0000); and recruitment and anti-compensatory saccades in the contralateral ear (p = 0.3050). The video head impulse test had a sensitivity of 51% and a specificity of 50% as a predictor of post-caloric recruitment. Conclusion: The video head impulse test results showed no relevance in predicting post-caloric vestibular recruitment.

Effect of double dose plateletpheresis on target yield and donor platelet recovery

Abstract Introduction The demand for apheresis platelets has increased in the recent past and the shrinking donor pool has shifted the trend to collection of double-dose or higher yield of platelets. Objective The present study aimed to determine the effect of double-dose plateletpheresis on the target yield and donor platelet recovery. Methods The study was conducted on 100 healthy plateletpheresis donors, 50 of whom were in the study group, which underwent double-dose plateletpheresis (DDP), and 50 of whom were in the control group for single-donor plateletpheresis. Pre- and post-procedure samples of donors were subjected to a complete blood count. The DDP product was sampled for platelet yield and then split into two parts. Platelet yield, collection efficiency, collection rate, recruitment factor and donor platelet loss were calculated. Results The mean platelet yield in the SDP was 4.09 ± 1.15 × 1011 and in the DDP, 5.93 ± 1.04 × 1011. There was a significant correlation between the pre-donation platelet count and platelet yield. The total of platelets processed for the SDP were 5.42 ± 1.08 × 1011 and for the DDP, 7.94 ± 0.77 × 1011. The collection efficiency was 71.93 ± 25.14% in the SDP and 72.94 ± 16.28% in the DDP, while the collection rates were 0.78 × 1011 and 0.94 × 1011 per minute, respectively. The average recruitment factor observed was 0.98 in the SDP, while it was 0.99 in the DDP. The mean platelet loss observed in the SDP was 35.55 ± 8.53% and in the DDP, 37.76 ± 8.65%. Conclusion The double-dose plateletpheresis supplements the platelet inventory in developing countries where the apheresis donor pool is limited. It is prudent to ensure stringent donor selection criteria for donors donating high-yield platelet products, thus enhancing donor safety and retention.

Correlation between Elbow Flexor Muscle Strength and Needle Electromyography Parameters after Musculocutaneous Nerve Injury / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To explore the changes of elbow flexor muscle strength after musculocutaneous nerve injury and its correlation with needle electromyography (nEMG) parameters.@*METHODS@#Thirty cases of elbow flexor weakness caused by unilateral brachial plexus injury (involving musculocutaneous nerve) were collected. The elbow flexor muscle strength was evaluated by manual muscle test (MMT) based on Lovett Scale. All subjects were divided into Group A (grade 1 and grade 2, 16 cases) and Group B (grade 3 and grade 4, 14 cases) according to their elbow flexor muscle strength of injured side. The biceps brachii of the injured side and the healthy side were examined by nEMG. The latency and amplitude of the compound muscle action potential (CMAP) were recorded. The type of recruitment response, the mean number of turns and the mean amplitude of recruitment potential were recorded when the subjects performed maximal voluntary contraction. The quantitative elbow flexor muscle strength was measured by portable microFET 2 Manual Muscle Tester. The percentage of residual elbow flexor muscle strength (the ratio of quantitative muscle strength of the injured side to the healthy side) was calculated. The differences of nEMG parameters, quantitative muscle strength and residual elbow flexor muscle strength between the two groups and between the injured side and the healthy side were compared. The correlation between elbow flexor manual muscle strength classification, quantitative muscle strength and nEMG parameters was analyzed.@*RESULTS@#After musculocutaneous nerve injury, the percentage of residual elbow flexor muscle strength in Group B was 23.43% and that in Group A was 4.13%. Elbow flexor manual muscle strength classification was significantly correlated with the type of recruitment response, and the correlation coefficient was 0.886 (P<0.05). The quantitative elbow flexor muscle strength was correlated with the latency and amplitude of CMAP, the mean number of turns and the mean amplitude of recruitment potential, and the correlation coefficients were -0.528, 0.588, 0.465 and 0.426 (P<0.05), respectively.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The percentage of residual elbow flexor muscle strength can be used as the basis of muscle strength classification, and the comprehensive application of nEMG parameters can be used to infer quantitative elbow flexor muscle strength.

Recruitment of crustose coralline algae on tiles material for monitoring coral larvae settlement's consolidators at Nature Reserve Pulau Sempu, East Java, Indonesia / Recrutamento de algas coralinas crustosas em azulejos para monitorar consolidadores de assentamentos de larvas de coral na Reserva Natural Pulau Sempu, Java Oriental, Indonésia

Crustose coralline algae (Corallinophycideae) are red algae that produced calcium carbonate and are well recognized as foundation species in the epipelagic zone of the marine ecosystem. These algae induced settlement juvenile of coral by released chemical cues from bacterial communities on the surface of their colonies. Their extracellular calcium carbonate also can stabilize reef structure that influencing many invertebrate attaches and growth in the seabed. Crustose coralline algae (CCA) have obtained attention because of their distribution and health compromise to increasing seawater temperature, ocean acidification, and pollutant. As a cryptic species in the ecosystem, the presence of CCA recruit sometimes doesn’t have attention, especially on their capability to occupy the empty space. This study aimed to document coverage and number of CCA recruit in two different recruitment tile’s material. The highest CCA percentage of the cover was showed inside surface than others surface in all stations. Light intensity and low sedimentation were suggested as a key factor of success of high coverage. Overall, station higher CCA recruits have shown from Tiga Warna. Low sedimentation and protection from aerial exposure became the main reason for it. No significant difference number of CCA recruits between marble and sandstone in this study. Successful CCA recruitment in this study can give a wide picture that natural recruitment of coral and other reef biodiversity in Southern Malang might be will succeed because of the abundance of coralline algae that support their life history stage.

As algas coralinas crustosas (Corallinophycideae) são algas vermelhas que produzem carbonato de cálcio e são bem reconhecidas como espécies de base na zona epipelágica do ecossistema marinho. Essas algas induziram o assentamento juvenil de coral por meio de estímulos químicos liberados por comunidades bacterianas na superfície de suas colônias. Seu carbonato de cálcio extracelular também pode estabilizar a estrutura do recife que influencia muitos invertebrados anexados e crescimento no fundo do mar. As algas coralinas crustosas (CCA) têm obtido atenção devido à sua distribuição e comprometimento da saúde com o aumento da temperatura da água do mar, acidificação dos oceanos e poluentes. Como uma espécie enigmática no ecossistema, a presença de recrutamento CCA às vezes não recebe atenção, especialmente em sua capacidade de ocupar o espaço vazio. Este estudo teve como objetivo documentar a cobertura e o número de recrutamento de CCA em dois materiais de recrutamento diferentes. A maior porcentagem de CCA da cobertura foi mostrada na superfície interna do que nas outras superfícies em todas as estações. A intensidade da luz e a baixa sedimentação foram sugeridas como um fator-chave para o sucesso da alta cobertura. De modo geral, recrutas de CCA mais graduados mostraram-se em Tiga Warna. A baixa sedimentação e a proteção contra a exposição aérea se tornaram a principal razão para isso. Não houve diferença significativa no número de recrutas CCA entre mármore e arenito neste estudo. O recrutamento bem-sucedido de CCA neste estudo pode dar uma imagem ampla de que o recrutamento natural de corais e outros recifes da biodiversidade no sul de Malang será bem-sucedido por causa da abundância de algas coralinas que sustentam seu estágio de história de vida.

Recruitment of crustose coralline algae on tiles material for monitoring coral larvae settlements consolidators at Nature Reserve Pulau Sempu, East Java, Indonesia

Abstract Crustose coralline algae (Corallinophycideae) are red algae that produced calcium carbonate and are well recognized as foundation species in the epipelagic zone of the marine ecosystem. These algae induced settlement juvenile of coral by released chemical cues from bacterial communities on the surface of their colonies. Their extracellular calcium carbonate also can stabilize reef structure that influencing many invertebrate attaches and growth in the seabed. Crustose coralline algae (CCA) have obtained attention because of their distribution and health compromise to increasing seawater temperature, ocean acidification, and pollutant. As a cryptic species in the ecosystem, the presence of CCA recruit sometimes doesnt have attention, especially on their capability to occupy the empty space. This study aimed to document coverage and number of CCA recruit in two different recruitment tiles material. The highest CCA percentage of the cover was showed inside surface than others surface in all stations. Light intensity and low sedimentation were suggested as a key factor of success of high coverage. Overall, station higher CCA recruits have shown from Tiga Warna. Low sedimentation and protection from aerial exposure became the main reason for it. No significant difference number of CCA recruits between marble and sandstone in this study. Successful CCA recruitment in this study can give a wide picture that natural recruitment of coral and other reef biodiversity in Southern Malang might be will succeed because of the abundance of coralline algae that support their life history stage.

Resumo As algas coralinas crustosas (Corallinophycideae) são algas vermelhas que produzem carbonato de cálcio e são bem reconhecidas como espécies de base na zona epipelágica do ecossistema marinho. Essas algas induziram o assentamento juvenil de coral por meio de estímulos químicos liberados por comunidades bacterianas na superfície de suas colônias. Seu carbonato de cálcio extracelular também pode estabilizar a estrutura do recife que influencia muitos invertebrados anexados e crescimento no fundo do mar. As algas coralinas crustosas (CCA) têm obtido atenção devido à sua distribuição e comprometimento da saúde com o aumento da temperatura da água do mar, acidificação dos oceanos e poluentes. Como uma espécie enigmática no ecossistema, a presença de recrutamento CCA às vezes não recebe atenção, especialmente em sua capacidade de ocupar o espaço vazio. Este estudo teve como objetivo documentar a cobertura e o número de recrutamento de CCA em dois materiais de recrutamento diferentes. A maior porcentagem de CCA da cobertura foi mostrada na superfície interna do que nas outras superfícies em todas as estações. A intensidade da luz e a baixa sedimentação foram sugeridas como um fator-chave para o sucesso da alta cobertura. De modo geral, recrutas de CCA mais graduados mostraram-se em Tiga Warna. A baixa sedimentação e a proteção contra a exposição aérea se tornaram a principal razão para isso. Não houve diferença significativa no número de recrutas CCA entre mármore e arenito neste estudo. O recrutamento bem-sucedido de CCA neste estudo pode dar uma imagem ampla de que o recrutamento natural de corais e outros recifes da biodiversidade no sul de Malang será bem-sucedido por causa da abundância de algas coralinas que sustentam seu estágio de história de vida.

Factors affecting voluntary blood donations among adults in Metro Manila, Philippines, as a basis for policy improvement on donor recruitment

Background@#Blood donation practice in the Philippines is low despite numerous efforts to recruit potential donors and increase blood supply.@*Objectives@#This study aimed to explore the sociodemographic profile of potential donors and their perceived level of knowledge, motivators, and hindrances on blood donation practice to recommend improvements in policies and strategies regarding blood donation recruitment.@*Methods@#A descriptive study design was utilized to attain the objectives of the study. A piloted questionnaire was floated through various social media platforms to gather data. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson's product-moment correlation.@*Results@#We included 260 Metro Manila residents, 18 to 65 years old and without conditions that merited permanent deferral in blood donation. Overall, the respondents had an adequate perceived level of knowledge (x̄ = 3.13, SD = 0.70) on blood donation but the lowest level of knowledge on the interval between successive blood donations (x̄ = 2.71, SD = 1.04). Furthermore, respondents were considerably motivated to donate blood (x̄ = 2.67, SD = 0.42) mainly due to relatives and friends requiring blood (x̄ = 3.73, SD = 0.60), and have minimal discernment of being discouraged from blood donation (x̄ = 2.09, SD = 0.48) mainly due to time constraints (x̄ = 3.23, SD = 0.78). Moreover, there is a significant but low inverse correlation (r = -0.151, p = 0.015) between age and motivation, suggesting younger individuals have more motivation to donate blood. Thus, policies and strategies that target young donors are highly suggested.@*Conclusion@#Poor blood donation practices in the Philippines suggest recalibration of policies and strategies by targeting young individuals and showcasing altruism to improve donor recruitment. Moreover, it is recommended to strategically establish blood service facilities in accessible areas with flexible operating hours to accommodate potential donors with hectic schedules.

Effectiveness of lung recruitment maneuver in the oxygenation, hemodynamics and post-operative pain of patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy

Introduction@#Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy uses carbon dioxide (CO2) which affects the respiratory, cardiovascular and renal system. The residual CO2 induces phrenic nerve irritation, manifesting as shoulder and abdominal pain. Recruitment maneuvers opens the lungs and helps expelling this residual carbon dioxide. However, there are limited studies on its role to hemodynamics especially in patients undergoing abdominal laparoscopic procedures.@*Methods@#Sixty patients (51 15.1) scheduled for laparoscopic cholecystectomy under General Endotracheal Anesthesia were randomly allocated to two groups. The control group (Group C) underwent standard laparoscopic cholecystectomy procedures. The experimental group (Group R) was placed in a Trendelenburg and was given 4-5 manual pulmonary inflations at a pressure of 40cmH20. The blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate and oxygen saturation, as well as the post operative site pain and shoulder pain were measured using the Numerical Pain Scale (NPS) were monitored at 0, 1 and 2 hours post operatively.@*Results@#The demographics and preoperative vital signs were comparable. The mean systolic blood pressure [119.5 vs 131.5; p=0.002], mean arterial pressure [91.8 vs 95.3; p=0.049], heart rate [74.9 vs 87.5; p <0.001] and respiratory rate [15.7 vs 16.2; p=0.02] were all differrent only during the immediate post operative period. The mean shoulder pain was lower in Group R immediately [1.9 ± 1.2; p=0.01] and 1 hour after surgery [0.7 ± 0.8; p=0.01].@*Conclusion@#Recruitment maneuver significantly reduces the shoulder pain scores after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. It causes a decrease in blood pressure, heart rate and mean arterial pressure in the immediate post operative period.

Analysis on the Current Situation of Third-party Recruitment Companies in Clinical Trials and Research on Ethical Management Countermeasures / 中国医学伦理学

【Objective:】 Third-party research participants recruitment companies and their recruitment businesses are in the ascendant. To analyze the current situation of company construction, clinical trial application, and ethical review, and discuss and propose ethical management suggestions based on work experience. 【Methods:】 The recruitment of research participants related to the projects approved by the ethics committee in our hospital in the past two years was investigated by questionnaire to comprehend and analyze the data of the third-party recruitment company in construction, application, and ethical review. 【Results:】 This paper found the problems of the third-party recruitment company in the application of clinical trials, the company’s own construction, and the standardization of ethical review, and analyzed the phenomenon and causes of the problems based on work experience. 【Conclusion:】 Although the application of third-party recruitment companies is becoming more and more extensive, it is still in a mixed state of pros and cons. It is necessary for all parties to work together to further standardize and constrain them, so as to protect the rights and interests of research participants and effectively support clinical trial research.

Main Problems and Ethical Review Points of Subject Recruitment in Drug Clinical Trials / 中国医学伦理学

Drug clinical trials need to recruit suitable subjects to verify the safety and effectiveness of new drugs. Subject recruitment is a very important and challenging link in the whole process of drug clinical trials, and even directly affects the progress and final results of the trials. The medical ethics committee should give full play to the important function of ethical review, carefully review the whole process of subject recruitment from the perspective of science and ethics, and do a good job in the protection of the health and rights of subjects. This paper mainly discussed the basic principles of subject recruitment, the main problems existing in the recruitment process and the key contents of ethical review, so as to provide scientific references and suggestions for standardizing subject recruitment, protecting the rights and interests of subjects, and promoting the efficient and high-quality completion of drug clinical trials.

Practice of blood donor emergency recruitment by TikTok / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To discuss the practice of emergency recruitment of blood donors through TikTok by shooting short videos, and evaluate the recruitment effect. 【Methods】 The completed short videos about blood donor emergency recruitment were released by major media official accounts on TikTok on New Year′s Day, May Day and National Day in 2022. Blood collection data within 10 days before and after the release were collected, and data within 7 days after the release were selected as the experimental group and the same period in last year as the control group to compare the blood collection units, donation frequency, gender and age of blood donors. 【Results】 The units of daily blood collection was the largest on day 1 after the release of TikTok short video, which was 3 times that of the previous day, and then decreased day by day, until to the same level as before the release on day 7. The daily blood collection, the proportion of first-time blood donors, donors aged 26 to 55 years old in the experimental group were all higher than those of the control group, but the proportion of blood donors aged 18 to 25 years old was lower than that of the control group. There was no significant difference in gender between the two groups. 【Conclusion】 Releasing short videos of blood donor emergency recruitment through TikTok, with fast dissemination and wild audience, can increase the blood inventory in a short time and is worthy of promotion.

Application and effect of partnership plan competition in the recruitment of apheresis platelet donation / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To analyze the demographic characteristics of apheresis platelet donors who participated in the Partnership Plan Competition(PPC) of Beijing Red Cross Blood Center, and to analyze the effect of publicity and recruitment of apheresis platelet donors, so as to provide reference for formulating recruitment strategy of apheresis platelet donation. 【Methods】 Apheresis blood donors who participated in PPC from March 18, 2021 to May 18, 2021 were selected as research subjects, and their demographic data in terms of gender, age, occupation and education, and relevant blood donation data within 12 months such as the number of blood donations, whether they were regular blood donors were collected. The demographic characteristics of PPC donors and promising groups were analyzed. 【Results】 There were 58 recruiters participating in the PPC, and a total of 170 people were recruited; 53.53%(91/170) successfully participated in the donation of apheresis platelets, and 35.16%(32/91) became regular blood donors. Those 18-30 years old college male students were promising group in the PPC, and were more willing to participate in the recruitment and donation of apheresis platelets. 【Conclusion】 The PPC has significant effect on the promotion and recruitment of apheresis platelets donation. Measures such as setting the types of souvenirs according to the preferences of promising groups, strengthening publicity of PPC, encouraging non-blood donors to participate and expanding targeted recruitment can be taken in the future to increase the success rate of blood donation of the recruitment.

Investigation on whole blood collection in Tianjin after fully lifting COVID-19 prevention and control measures / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To investigate the situation of whole blood collection in Tianjin after COVID-19 prevention and control measures were fully lifted. 【Methods】 The relevant data on whole blood collection of voluntary blood donors in Tianjin 15 days before Spring Festival (2023.01.07-2023.01.21, when China has managed COVID-19 with measures against Class B infectious disease instead of Class A infectious diseases) and 15 days before Spring Festival in 2018 (2018.02.01- 2018.02.15) and 2019 (2019.01.21-2019.02.04) before the breakout of COVID-19 were retrospectively collected and compared. 【Results】 The comparison between the above period in 2023, 2018 and 2019 was as follows: the number of blood donors was 6 124 vs 3 940 vs 4 069; blood collection volume (U) was 9 623 vs 7 378 vs 7 808; the proportion of first-time blood donors, local blood donors and group blood donors was 69.17% (4 236/6 124) vs 65.86% (2 595/3 940) vs 62.05% (2 525/4 069), 59.31% (3 632/6 124) vs 23.27% (9170) vs 18.19% (740/4 069) and 43.42% (2 659/6 124) vs 8.05% (317/2 595) vs 0.15% (6/4 069) (all P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 The adjustment of COVID-19 prevention and control policy has a significant impact on voluntary blood donation, and the corresponding adjustment of blood donor recruitment strategy in blood centers should be conducted to increase the whole blood collection.

Recruitment strategies of blood donors during the COVID-19 epidemic / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To explore the recruitment strategy of blood donors under the situation of blood supply shortage during the COVID-19 epidemic. 【Methods】 The theory of planned behavior and the stage change model of behavior were used to analyze the recruitment strategy of blood donors during the COVID-19 epidemic. The recruitment practice strategies of some countries or regions, i. e. the United States, Japan, South Korea, and the European Union, during this period were investigated. Based on the theoretical analysis results and practical status, relevant reference strategies were proposed. 【Results】 The theoretical analysis showed that attitude, subjective norms and ethical norms played an important role in the recruitment of blood donors during the COVID-19 epidemic, but blood donation self-efficacy and promoting blood donation behavior were the two key factors. According to the survey, in terms of enhancing and maintaining attitudes, subjective norms, ethical norms and other elements that were jointly affected by the same strategy, most countries continued previous policies while some updated recruitment ideas. In terms of enhancing and maintaining the key elements of blood donation self-efficacy, more human and material support had been made. 【Conclusion】 During the COVID-19 pandemic, enhancing and maintaining blood donation self-efficacy and promoting blood donation behavior are the key elements to effectively improve the blood supply shortage. The blood donor recruitment strategy constructed accordingly has reference value for China.

HBV laboratory tests and demographic characteristics in 169 897 first-time blood donors / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To investigate the HBV infection markers detection and demographic characteristics of first-time blood donors, so as to provide evidence for blood donor recruitment. 【Methods】 HBsAg was detected by ELISA, HBsAg negative samples were tested for HBV DNA, and chemiluminescence method was used to detect HBsAg, HBsAb, HBcAb, HBeAg and HBeAb in first-time blood donor HBsAg-/HBV DNA+ samples. Demographic information of HBsAg positive first-time donors was analyzed. 【Results】 From 2018 to 2022, a total of 502 739 people participated in voluntary blood donation, and first-time blood donors accounted for 33.79%. The HBsAg positive rate of first-time donors(28.37/10 000, 482/169 897)was higher than that of repeated blood donors(3.46/10 000, 115/332 842) (OR=8.23, 95%CI: 6.72~10.09), and the HBV DNA positive rate of first-time blood donors(4.83/10 000, 82/169 897)was lower than that of repeated blood donors(6.52/10 000, 217/332 842)(OR=0.74, 95%CI: 0.57~0.95). The positive rate of HBcAb in HBsAg-/HBV DNA+ samples of first-time blood donors was 73.17%. Significant differences were noticed in HBsAg-/HBV DNA+ and HBsAg positive rate among first-time blood donors among gender, age, education background and occupation (all P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 Low risk first-time blood donor recruitment is important for blood donation. Strengthening HBV screening before blood donation and detection after blood donation is beneficial to improve the safety of blood transfusion.

¿Cuántos años tienes?, ¿estás casado?, ¿tienes hijos? preguntas irrelevantes y discriminación encubierta en la selección de personal

La selección de personal ha demostrado ser un procedimiento de incalculable valor para las organizaciones. Sin embargo, en la práctica los empleadores suelen (y prefieren) utilizar los métodos de selección de escaza y cuestionable evidencia. En el contexto boliviano, el uso de preguntas personales relacionadas a la edad, estado civil, sexo, raza, embarazo, entre otros, parece estar bastante extendido. Aunque, la utilidad que justifique su inclusión sigue sin demostrarse. En el presente artículo, analizo la relevancia y el soporte de las preguntas personales en función de su contribución para tres propósitos de la selección de personal: validez para predecir el desempeño laboral, reclutamiento y discriminación. Finalmente, proporciono algunas sugerencias: (1) para mejorar la eficiencia de los procesos de selección, y (2) para enmendar y fortalecer las leyes contra la discriminación en la selección de la legislación laboral boliviana.

The selection of personnel has proven to be an invaluable procedure for organizations. However, in practice employers often (and prefer) to use the selection methods of scarce and questionable evidence. In the Bolivian context, the use of personal questions related to age, marital status, sex, race, pregnancy, among others, seems to be quite widespread. Although the usefulness that justifies its inclusion remains unproven. In this article, I analyze the relevance and support of personal questions based on their contribution to three purposes of personnel selection: validity to predict job performance, recruitment, and discrimination. Finally, I provide some suggestions: (1) to improve the efficiency of the selection processes, and (2) to amend and strengthen the laws against discrimination in the selection of Bolivian labor law.

A seleção de pessoal provou ser um procedimento inestimável para as organizações. No entanto, na prática, os empregadores costumam (e preferem) usar métodos de seleção de evidências escassas e questionáveis. No contexto boliviano, o uso de perguntas pessoais relacionadas à idade, estado civil, sexo, raça, gravidez, entre outros, parece ser bastante difundido. Embora a utilidade que justifique a sua inclusão permaneça não comprovada. Neste artigo, analiso a relevância e o suporte de perguntas pessoais com base em sua contribuição para três propósitos de seleção de pessoal: validade para prever o desempenho no trabalho, recrutamento e discriminação. Finalmente, apresento algumas sugestões: (1) melhorar a eficiência dos processos de seleção e (2) alterar e fortalecer as leis contra a discriminação na seleção da legislação trabalhista boliviana.

Development and implementation of a COVID-19 convalescent plasma program in a middle-income economy

Abstract Introduction Convalescent Plasma therapy is one of the therapeutic strategies that has been used for patients with the Covid-19 disease. Implementing a program with national extension to supply hospitals with this blood component is a great challenge mainly in a middle-income economy. Objectives Our objective was to develop and implement a Covid-19 Convalescent Plasma Program which met established quality standards and was adapted to a reality of limited resources. Methods A multicentric convalescent plasma collection program was developed and implemented, based on four main sequential procedures: selective donor recruitment, pre-donation antibody screening (Anti-SARS-CoV-2- Chemiluminescence IgG Abbott), convalescent plasma collection by apheresis or whole-blood processing and distribution to the hospitals according to local demand. Results From the 572 candidates submitted to the pre-donation antibody screening, only 270 (47%) were considered eligible for plasma donation according to the established criteria. Higher levels of total antibody were associated with the donor age being above 45 years old (p= 0.002), hospital admission (p= 0.018), and a shorter interval between the diagnosis of the SARS-CoV-2 infection and plasma donation (p < 0.001). There was no association between the ABO and Rh blood groups and their antibody levels. Of the 468 donations made, 61% were from the collection of whole-blood and 39%, from apheresis. The Covid-19 Convalescent Plasma units obtained were distributed to 21 different cities throughout the country by air or ground transportation. Conclusion The implementation of a Covid-19 Convalescent Plasma program in a continental country with relatively scarce resources is feasible with alternative strategies to promote lower cost procedures, while complying with local regulations and meeting quality standards.

Relationship between caspase recruitment domain protein 9 gene polymorphism and clinical efficacy of somatostatin and acute pancreatitis / 中国综合临床

Objective:To investigate the relationship between caspase recruitment domain protein 9 (CARD9) gene polymorphism and acute pancreatitis (AP) and the clinical efficacy of somatostatin.Methods:A total of 86 patients with AP treated in Shanghai Songjiang District Central Hospital from June 2019 to may 2020 were selected as the research object, and 81 healthy volunteers were selected as the control group for a prospective cohort study. The nucleotide database of National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) was consulted to screen 10 common single nucleotide polymorphisms of CARD9.The single nucleotide polymorphism of CARD9 was detected by SNapShot micro sequencing. All patients with AP were treated with somatostatin. The relationship between CARD9 single nucleotide polymorphism and clinical symptoms and auxiliary examination indexes was observed.The measurement data of normal distribution were compared by independent sample t-test. The measurement data of non normal distribution are represented by M (Q1, Q3), and the rank sum test is used for comparison between groups. The comparison of counting data between groups was adopted χ 2 inspection. Results:The frequency of CARD9 rs10870077 C>G SNP in patients of AP group was significantly higher than that in healthy controls ( OR=1.934, 95% CI=1.011-3.700, P=0.046). Compared with CC genotype, the disappearance time of abdominal pain and abdominal distension in the somatostatin treatment group of CARD9 rs10870077 C>G moderate and severe AP patients was significantly longer ((5.64±2.06) d and (3.76±1.23) d, t=2.98, P=0.006), and the average hospital stay in the somatostatin treatment group of CARD9 rs10870077 C>G severe AP patients was increased by ((13.25±5.31) d and (9.00±3.68) d, t=1.51, P=0.170). Conclusion:CARD9 rs10870077 C>G is a predisposing factor for AP, which is related to the individual differences in the clinical efficacy of somatostatin in severe AP.

Analysis of high-risk behaviors related to HIV infection in men who have sex with men recruited by different methods / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective:To analyze high-risk behaviors related to HIV infection in men who have sex with men (MSM) recruited by different methods in Zhenjiang city, and to provide a reference for precise prevention and control of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) .Methods:From April to June in 2020, MSM in Zhenjiang city were recruited as research subjects through the center for disease control and prevention (CDC) voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) clinic and community-based organizations (CBOs) . Information such as demographic characteristics, drug abuse, HIV testing history and high-risk sexual behavior were collected through a unified questionnaire survey. Chi-square test or Fisher′s exact test was used to analyze differences in relevant characteristics of MSM recruited by different methods.Results:A total of 641 MSM were recruited by the two methods, including 442 (68.95%) recruited from CBOs and 199 (31.05%) from CDC; the proportion of MSM aged under 20 years was significantly higher in the CBO group (6.56%) than in the CDC group (1.01%, χ2 = 9.20, P = 0.002) ; the proportions of MSM receiving health education information on potential hazards of drug use from professional health institutions and new network media were significantly higher in the CDC group (7.54% [15/199], 16.58% [33/199], respectively) than in the CBO group (3.39% [15/442], χ2 = 5.28, P = 0.022; 9.50% [42/442], χ2 = 6.66, P = 0.010) . In terms of characteristics of sexual behavior, the CBO group showed significantly increased proportions of individuals having group sex (25.21%, 30 cases) and those having unprotected sexual intercourse with women (47.51%, 210 cases) compared with the CDC group (7.50% [6 cases], χ2 = 10.13, P = 0.001; 27.64% [55 cases], χ2 = 22.35, P < 0.001, respectively) , but significantly decreased proportions of heterosexuals (2.04%, 9 cases) , individuals unknowing about the HIV status of sexual partners (22.40%, 99 cases) and those having unprotected anal sex with men (39.82%, 176 cases) compared with the CDC group (6.53% [13 cases], χ2 = 8.37, P = 0.004; 39.70% [79 cases], χ2 = 20.48, P < 0.001; 57.29% [114 cases], χ2 = 16.90, P < 0.001, respectively) . Compared with the CDC group, the CBO group showed significantly decreased proportions of individuals ever having an HIV test (74.43% [329 cases] vs. 80.90% [161 cases], χ2 = 3.19, P = 0.074) and those getting the latest HIV test from CDC (23.10% [76 cases] vs. 57.14% [92 cases], χ2 = 99.41, P < 0.001) , as well as decreased prevalence of HIV infection (5.20% [23 cases] vs. 13.07% [26 cases], χ2 = 21.85, P < 0.001) . Conclusions:The MSM recruited from CBO and CDC are complementary in terms of demographics and behaviors, and can represent the general MSM population. Specific prevention and control measures for AIDS should be taken according to different characteristics of the MSM population.